Lumber, logs, and everything ligneous

For everybody out there looking at botany (and perhaps carpentry, as they go hand in hand quite nicely) this guide will help you get a grasp on what's needed and when. If you have any extra information that I haven't included, or if you spot any mistakes, let me know in the comments below. Happy crafting/gathering!

Logs and their gathering levels:

Ash Log - Level 8


Lauan Log - ?? (Between 8 and 12)



Willow Log - ?? (Between 8 and 12)



Cedar Log - ??  (Between 8 and 12)



Elm Log - Level 12



Yew Log - Level 19



Rattan Log - Unknown existence



Chestnut Log - ?? (Between 19 and 24)


Walnut Log - Level 24



Pine Log - ?? (Between 24 and 32)



Oak Log - Level 32



Teak Log - ?? (Between 32 and 46)



Mahogany Log - Level 37 (sells higher than Rosewood despite gap of 9 levels)


Rosewood Log - Level 46



Ebony Log - ?? (Between 46 and 51)



Spruce Log - Level 51



Treated Spruce Log - Unknown existence



Available lumber and NPC selling price: 


Ash Lumber - 1 gil



Lauan Lumber - 1 gil



Willow Lumber - 1 gil



Cedar Lumber - 2 gil



Elm Lumber - 2 gil



Yew Lumber - 4 gil



Chestnut Lumber - 6 gil



Walnut Lumber - 6 gil



Pine Lumber - 8 gil



Rattan Lumber - 8 gil



Oak Lumber - 12 gil



Teak Lumber - 18 gil



Rosewood Lumber - 20 gil



Ebony Lumber - 24 gil



Mahogany Lumber - 31 gil (sells better than Rosewood even though Mahogany is 9 levels lower)


Spruce Lumber - 31 gil


Treated Spruce Lumber - 38 gil



Rough order of lumber by rank, interpreted by selling price:
Ash > Lauan > Willow > Cedar > Elm > Yew > Rattan > Chestnut > Walnut > Pine > Oak > Teak > Rosewood > Ebony > Spruce > Treated Spruce

Carpentry usage of lumber by rank: 
Rank 1 (Levels 1-10) - Mostly Maple, some Ash
Rank 2 (Levels 11-20) - Mostly Ash, Elm, some Maple
Rank 3 (Levels 21-30) - Elm, Yew, Walnut (and a lot of pigments)
Rank 4 (Levels 31-40) - Ash, Walnut, Elm, Oak, Some Mahogany
Rank 5 (Levels 41-50) - Oak, Mahogany, Rosewood, Elm
Rank 6 (Levels 51-60) - Spruce
Rank 7 (Levels 61-70) - Spruce, Treated Spruce

Sources: 
XIVDB - http://xivdb.com/
Gamerescape - http://ffxiv.gamerescape.com/wiki/Category:Carpentry_Recipe